Diverging color scatterplot 
This plot of global average surface temperature (GISTEMP) uses a diverging color scale to indicate the deviation from the 1951–1980 average in degrees Celsius. Each measurement is drawn with a dot, and a ramp legend allows the reader to interpret the color—which in this case is redundant with its y position.
Plot.plot({ y: { grid: true, tickFormat: "+f", label: "↑ Surface temperature anomaly (°C)" }, color: { scheme: "BuRd", legend: true }, marks: [ Plot.ruleY([0]), Plot.dot(gistemp, {x: "Date", y: "Anomaly", stroke: "Anomaly"}) ] })